新生儿期之暂时性呼吸急促(湿肺)和β链球菌肺炎常并发少量胸腔积液,量较多者可见于严重的胎儿有核红细胞增多症,而先天性乳糜胸则为临床所见新生儿期大量积液最常见的原因。作者于1976年4月到1978年10月在重度新生儿窒息病例中(Apgar评分在1分钟时≤3,或在5分钟时≤6),发现4例以后诊断为自发性双侧胸腔积液,其Apgar评分异常低,出生时均见有积液,而且引起深度窒息。4例之病情酷似。母体均未查出重要的产前危险因素。2例经过外用胎儿监护,1例用过内监护,但无1例证明有胎儿窘迫。母亲也均未用过任何可致呼吸抑制的药 Temporary neonatal respiratory shortness (wet lung) and streptococcal pneumonia often complicated by a small amount of pleural effusion, the more can be found in severe fetal polycythemia, congenital chylothorax is clinically seen The most common causes of pleural effusion during childhood. From April 1976 to October 1978 in severe neonatal asphyxia cases (Apgar score ≤ 3 at 1 minute or ≤ 6 at 5 minutes), four patients were diagnosed as having spontaneous bilateral pleural effusion , Its Apgar score is unusually low, have fluid at birth, and cause deep asphyxia. 4 cases of similar conditions. None of the mothers detected significant prenatal risk factors. 2 cases of external fetal monitoring, 1 case of internal monitoring, but no case of fetal distress. None of the mothers used any drug that caused respiratory depression