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目的通过了解乌鲁木齐市公众对结核病防治知识知晓情况及其影响因素的研究,为有效地开展公众结核病防治知识宣传和健康促进工作提供理论依据。方法通过多阶段分层随机抽样方法抽取天山区2个街道办事处的6个社区,将在调查地居住超过6个月、年龄在12～65岁的常住公众作为调查对象进行询问式问卷调查。结果本次共调查1 200人,均为有效问卷;公众对结核病防治核心信息总知晓率为55.58%,核心信息全部知晓率为2.92%,3条主要核心信息全部知晓率为12.66%,2条主要核心信息全部知晓率为16.33%;结核病防治的单项知识知晓率差距较大;影响结核病防治3条主要核心信息知识知晓率的单因素分析结果显示,性别、年龄、婚姻、职业和医保形式等5个因素对结核病知晓率有一定的影响;经多因素Logistic方程分析,性别、年龄和职业对3条结核病核心知识知晓率有影响,其中男性、低年龄组和无业人员的知晓率分别较女性、高年龄组和其他职业低。结论公众对结核病防治知识知晓率没有达到国家规划目标,应针对不同人群的不同需求,采取不同的措施来提高结核病知识知晓率。
Objective To understand the public knowledge of tuberculosis prevention and control and its influencing factors in Urumqi and to provide a theoretical basis for effective knowledge publicity and health promotion of public tuberculosis prevention and control. Methods A total of 6 community offices in 2 sub-districts in Tianshan District were sampled by multi-stage stratified random sampling method. The questionnaire survey was conducted among the residents who lived in the survey area for more than 6 months and 12 to 65 years old as the survey subjects. Results A total of 1 200 people were surveyed. The total public awareness of TB prevention and treatment core information was 55.58%, the core information was 2.92%, and all three core information were 12.66% and 2 The overall awareness rate of major core information was 16.33%. There was a big gap between individual knowledge awareness of tuberculosis prevention and control. Univariate analysis of knowledge rate of knowledge of three core TB prevention and control items showed that gender, age, marriage, occupation and health insurance Five factors had a certain impact on TB awareness. According to Logistic equation analysis, sex, age and occupation had an impact on the awareness rate of TB knowledge among the three TB, of which the awareness rate of male, lower age group and unemployed were respectively higher than that of female , High age group and other occupations are low. Conclusion The public awareness of tuberculosis prevention and control knowledge did not reach the goal of national planning. Different measures should be taken to improve awareness of tuberculosis knowledge according to the different needs of different populations.