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一、问题的提出台风暴潮研究实践表明,当台风中心远离测站时(在一千公里以外),本站水位(△H～t 线)即开始缓缓上升。此时,甚至在24～48小时以内,本站风和气压均无明显异常。对于导致这种水位增高的“启事者”,不少研究者都认为是“长波”,故称这种增水为“长波增水”或“先兆波增水”。这种长波具有很大的能量。它能使近岸浅海区域的海水极度混浊;在滩涂地带,能将海水推至很远然后退下,这样往复进行;于陡岸处,长波拍岸时发出
I. PROBLEM PROBLEMS Typhoon storm surge research has shown that when the typhoon center is far away from the station (beyond a thousand kilometers), the water level of the station (ΔH ~ t line) starts to rise slowly. At this point, even within 24 to 48 hours, this site no significant wind and air pressure. Many researchers have considered “longwave” as the “initiator” that causes such an increase in water level. Therefore, this increase is called “long-wave water increase” or “advance wave increase water”. This longwave has great energy. It can make the water in the coastal shallow sea area extremely turbid; in the tundra zone, it can push seawater far and then backwards, so that it reciprocates; at the steep shore, it sends out long waves