采用两步法以非离子型表面活性剂Tween 20 为模板剂合成硅基介孔材料, 研究了 pH 对介孔材料结构的影响. 结果表明, 没有氟离子存在且模板剂浓度较低(约为2%(w))的条件下, 在弱酸性环境中(pH=3.32-4.26)可以制备有序的 MSU-X 类硅基介孔材料, 本研究中的简单合成体系有助于查明MSU-X合成机理. 对所得介孔材料测试表明, 在同样的合成体系中, 随着体系pH的变化, 所得硅基介孔材料的形貌和孔壁结构都发生了变化. A two-step method was used to synthesize Si-based mesoporous materials with non-ionic surfactant Tween 20 as template to study the effect of pH on the structure of mesoporous materials. The results showed that there was no fluoride ion and the concentration of template was low 2% (w)), an orderly MSU-X type Si-based mesoporous material can be prepared in mildly acidic environment (pH = 3.32-4.26). The simple synthesis system in this study can help to identify MSU -X synthesis mechanism of the obtained mesoporous materials showed that in the same synthesis system, with the pH of the system, the morphology and pore wall structure of the resulting mesoporous silica materials have changed.