由于缺乏典型症状及体征,很难在急诊室诊断心力衰竭(HF),尤其是肥胖患者,因为肥胖体型往往掩盖水肿征象及心脏、肺脏听诊的阳性体征,例如高体重指数(BMI)患者很少可以闻及心脏杂音及肺部口罗音,也很少可以观察到颈静脉波动;亦不能完全依赖病史诊断HF,因为肥胖患者多有其它疾病 Due to the lack of typical signs and symptoms, it is very difficult to diagnose heart failure (HF) in emergency rooms, especially in obese patients, as obese body types tend to mask signs of edema and positive signs of heart and lung auscultation, such as very few patients with high body mass index (BMI) Can smell heart murmur and lung rales, and few can observe the jugular vein fluctuations; also can not rely solely on the history of diagnosis of HF, because there are other obesity patients with other diseases