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历史的发展离不开人的自由自觉的活动,这种活动被逻辑地表述为历史的规律性和人的合目的性的统一.马克思把历史的发展理解为“个人本身力量发展的历史”,把唯物史观的前提理解为从“现实的有生命的个人本身出发”的.可是,哲学家们在回答个人历史作用问题上,与历史学家们的不同在于:哲学侧重于探讨个人与时代精神的关系,而历史学主要回答个人与历史事件的关系.本文仅就个人作用的历史抽象形式、唯物史观对个人范畴的界定以及普通个人历史作用等问题作出初步探讨.
The development of history is inseparable from the free and conscious activities of human beings, which are logically expressed as the unity of the regularity of history and the purposefulness of mankind.Marx interprets the development of history as “the history of the development of the power of the individual himself” The precondition of the historical materialism is to be understood as proceeding from “the living individuals of reality.” However, philosophers differ from historians in answering the question of the historical role of individuals in that they focus on the exploration of individual and the age Spirit, and historiography mainly answers the relationship between individual and historical events.This paper only discusses the historical abstract forms of personal role, the definition of personal category by historical materialism and the role of ordinary individual history.