冰岛的构造特征呈现为活动的裂谷和火山带,它作为雷克雅内斯海底洋脊的延续从西南向东北横越冰岛,然后通过特乔内斯断裂带与科边塞洋脊相接(图1)。这个裂谷和火山带也称为轴向裂谷带或新火山带,它被多组不连续的与该带总走向成雁列式的裂隙群所切割。 The tectonic features of Iceland are characterized by active rifts and volcanic bands that traverse Iceland from southwest to northeast as a continuation of the Reykjanes ocean ridges and then connect to the fringes of the Congo Cypriot ridge through the Tecnoese fault zone 1). This rift and volcanic belt, also known as an axial rift zone or a new volcanic zone, is cut by groups of discontinuous fissures that go together with the belt in its general strike.