有两种试验对估价抗菌素疗效有指导意义。一种是病人血清(或尿液)中抗菌素浓度的微生物学测定;另一种是病人血清对自身感染病原体制菌或杀菌效能的测定。前者可提供病人血清中抗菌素浓度的实际数值(与化学测定所提供的相似),因它极少受血清各成分的影响;后者则对能否获得满意的治疗效果提供指导,因它兼顾了多种能影响抗菌素生物活性的因素(菌株,与蛋白质的结合,血清离子浓度等)。血清中抗菌素浓度的测定常规要求若抗菌素被应用于有肾功能障碍的病人时,可能经常需要对血清浓度作常规的监测。在确定肾功能不全病人的维持量时,最实用的 There are two tests that are instructive in evaluating the efficacy of antibiotics. One is the microbiological determination of the antibiotic concentration in the patient’s serum (or urine); the other is the determination of the bactericidal or bactericidal efficacy of the patient’s serum on the pathogen of its own infection. The former provides actual values ​​of the antibiotic concentration in the patient’s serum (similar to those provided by the chemical assay) because it is minimally affected by serum components; the latter provides guidance on whether satisfactory therapeutic effects can be achieved A variety of factors can affect the biological activity of antibiotics (strains, protein binding, serum ion concentration, etc.). Determination of Antibiotic Levels in Serums General Requirements Antibiotics may often require routine monitoring of serum concentrations when used in patients with renal dysfunction. In determining the maintenance of patients with renal insufficiency, the most practical