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近年来研究发现，脑缺血损伤中除能量耗竭等机制外，谷氨酸过量释放引起的神经兴奋毒性是导致神经元死亡的主要原因。而γ-氨基丁酸是哺乳动物中枢神经系统抑制性递质，具有突触后抑制作用，减轻细胞损伤，并能通过突触前抑制，减少谷氨酸的释放，共同拮抗谷氨酸的毒性作用。动物实验证明，γ-氨基丁酸受体激动剂有确切的脑保护作用。此类药物可能为临床防治缺血性脑血管病提出一条新的出路。
In recent years, studies have found that, in addition to the mechanism of energy depletion in cerebral ischemic injury, the excitotoxicity caused by excessive release of glutamate is the main cause of neuronal death. However, γ-aminobutyric acid is an inhibitory neurotransmitter in the mammalian central nervous system. It possesses a post-synaptic inhibitory effect and reduces cell damage. It can also inhibit glutamate release through presynaptic inhibition and antagonism of glutamate toxicity effect. Animal experiments show that γ-aminobutyric acid receptor agonists have an exact brain protective effect. Such drugs may provide a new way for the clinical prevention and treatment of ischemic cerebrovascular disease.