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构建衡量生态效率的投入产出指标体系,采用基于Malmquist-Luenberger指数法的超效率DEA模型,对长江经济带及上中下游2003—2013年生态效率进行评价,并测算了生态效率差异性及收敛性。实证研究结果显示:长江经济带各省市生态效率总体平均水平较高,下游生态效率高于平均水平,中游和上游低于平均水平;生态效率区域差异性显著,省际间差异均明显高于上中下游间差异,但差异性趋势减缓;长江经济带层面生态效率σ收敛大体上呈现出“总体收敛,局部发散”的特点,上中下游区域呈现出生态效率σ收敛和绝对β收敛,这表明长江经济带存在生态协调发展的有利环境。经济“新常态”下,应该更加注重长江经济带一体化发展进程,让下游区域高新技术向中、上游区域转移,各省市应结合自身生态效率发展状况特点推进生态文明建设,缩小区域间生态效率差异,促进生态协调发展。
Constructing an input-output index system that measures the ecological efficiency, using the super-efficiency DEA model based on the Malmquist-Luenberger index method to evaluate the ecological efficiency of the Yangtze River economic belt and the upper and lower reaches of the upper and lower reaches of 2003-2013, and calculating the differences in ecological efficiency and convergence Sex. The results of empirical research show that: the overall average level of ecological efficiency in all provinces and cities in the Yangtze River economic belt is higher; the ecological efficiency in the lower reaches is higher than the average level while that in the middle and upper reaches is lower than the average level; the regional differences in ecological efficiency are significant; Middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River Delta, but the trend of difference slowed down. At the level of the Yangtze River economic belt, the ecological efficiency σ converges generally with the characteristics of “overall convergence and partial divergence”, the upper and lower reaches of the region show the ecological efficiency σ convergence and absolute β convergence, This shows that there is a favorable environment for coordinated development of the Yangtze River economic zone. Economy and the new normal, we should pay more attention to the process of the integrated development of the Yangtze River economic belt so that the downstream high-tech industries will shift to the middle and upper reaches. All provinces and municipalities should promote the construction of ecological civilization in light of their own ecological efficiency and development features, Ecological efficiency differences, and promote the coordinated development of ecology.