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为详细比较射线处理对胚及胚乳形成的影响,用白莱改良品种“改良千岁”进行了试验。弄清了射线对胚的大小(宽度和长度)、胚和胚乳的细胞数及核数、胚细胞的大小(胚的宽度×长度/胚的细胞数)的影响,且从数量上比较了损伤组织之间的差异。照射时期为授粉后3天的接合子至授粉后6天的球形胚各个时期。用~(60)Coγ射线1万伦和2万伦急性照射一天。照射后1天和6天固定胚珠,用石腊切片测定了胚的细胞数、胚的长宽度、顶部和基部胚乳的核数。此外,对同一照射期的种子能育性和发芽情况作了调查。对于种子能育性和发芽率的影响,授粉后3—6天进行照射,2万伦处理均大于1万伦处理。胚的大小,在授粉后5—6天的发育进展时期照射,与对照组相比有所缩小。胚的细胞数及胚乳核数所受的影响显著减少。至于细胞的大小,照射组比对照组要大数倍,这是照射后细胞分裂受到抑制,引起细胞异常肥大所造成的。受射线影响的程度,以胚的细胞数最大,胚的宽度和长度次之,胚乳的核数最小。
In order to compare the impact of radiation treatment on the formation of embryos and endosperm, the experiment was conducted with the improved variety “Chitose”. The effect of the radiation on the size (width and length) of the embryos, the number of cells and nuclei in the embryos and endosperm, the size of the embryo cells (width of the embryo × length / number of cells in the embryo) was clarified and the damage compared quantitatively Differences between organizations. The irradiation period was from 3 days after pollination to all stages of globular embryos 6 days after pollination. Acute irradiation with ~ (60) Co gamma rays 1 Wan Lun and 2 Wan Lun. Ovules were fixed at day 1 and day 6 after irradiation, and the number of embryos, the length and width of the embryos, and the number of endosperm in the top and base were determined by paraffin sections. In addition, the seed fertility and germination of the same irradiation period were investigated. Irradiation of seed fertility and germination rate was conducted 3-6 days after pollination, with 2 000 Lun treatment greater than 1 000 Lun treatment. The size of the embryo irradiated at 5-6 day post-pollination development was reduced compared with the control group. The number of embryos and the number of endosperm nuclei affected significantly reduced. As for the size of the cells, the irradiated group was several times larger than the control group, which is caused by the inhibition of cell division after irradiation and the abnormal cell hypertrophy. Affected by the degree of radiation, the largest number of embryos in the cell, followed by the width and length of the embryo, the smallest endosperm nuclear.