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本文对新中国城镇职工基本养老保险制度的历史进行了简要的梳理和总结。中国城镇职工基本养老保险制度自1951年颁布《中华人民共和国劳动保险条例》起建立,至今已近60年,其间经历了“国家养老保险模式”时期和“社会统筹与个人账户相结合”时期。前一个时期分为统筹保险阶段和单位保险阶段,后一个时期分为统账模式酝酿与准备阶段和统账模式建立与完善阶段。1997年《关于建立统一的企业职工基本养老保险制度的决定》颁布,中国养老保险模式完成了从“国家保险型”到类似“社会保险型”的转变,“非商品化”程度在模式转变后逐级降低。
This article briefly reviews and summarizes the history of the basic old-age insurance system for urban workers in new China. The basic old-age insurance system for urban workers in China has been established since the enactment of the “Labor Insurance Regulations of the People’s Republic of China” in 1951 and has been in existence for nearly 60 years. During this period, it has undergone a combination of social pooling and personal accounts during the “national pension insurance system” “period. The previous period was divided into an integrated insurance stage and the unit insurance stage. The latter period was divided into the brewing and preparation stage of the unified account mode and the stage of establishment and improvement of the unified account accounting mode. In 1997, the ”Decision on Establishing a Unified System of Basic Endowment Insurance for Employees in Enterprises“ was promulgated. The pattern of China’s endowment insurance has been transformed from ”national insurance type“ to ”similar“ ”social insurance type“ and ”non-commercialized“ ”The level of gradual decline in the mode of change.