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目的 克山病 (KSD)和大骨节病 (KBD)两病病因至今尚未明了 ,特调查病区粮食真菌及其毒素在两病病因中的作用。方法 用病例对照研究结合实验病理学验证以探索粮食内可疑致病真菌及其相关毒素质量与两病发病的关系。结果 ① 40 2份小麦内培养出的优势菌为链格孢霉 ,其检出率与两病发病之间未见统计学联系 ,未培养出镰刀菌 ;② 2 4份小麦和 2 3份小麦面粉样品内未检出 1 1种镰刀菌毒素中的任一毒素 ,1 4 3份小麦、玉米样品内未检出AOH、AME和ZEN ;③化学纯品T 2毒素 (1 0 0 μg·kg- 1BW·d)致雏鸡KBD模型实验和链格孢霉培养粮 (含AOH 6 5 1 9μg/ g饲料 )致雏鸡KSD、KBD模型实验 ,均未见动物心肌损害和软骨损害等 ;④T 2毒素和MON实验组内 ,检出小型猪关节软骨OC—Ⅲ型损害 ,后一结果对KBD病因研究的参考价值需待更多工作之后才好判定。结论 病例对照研究和实验病理学综合结果不支持两病病因镰刀菌毒素中毒说和链格孢霉毒素中毒说。建议多家协作 ,重复粮食真菌及其毒素的检测 ,以便对两病真菌毒素病因说作出最终评价。
Objective Keshan disease (KSD) and Kashin-Beck disease (KBD) two etiology has not yet been clarified, special investigation ward food fungi and their toxins in the etiology of the two diseases. Methods Case-control study combined with experimental pathological validation to explore the relationship between the suspicious pathogenic fungi and their related toxins in food and the pathogenesis of the two diseases. Results ① The dominant bacteria cultured in 40 2 wheat cultivars were Alternaria alternata. The detection rate was not correlated with the incidence of the two diseases, and Fusarium was not cultivated. ② 24 wheat and 23 wheat No any one of the 11 Fusarium toxins was detected in the flour samples, and AOH, AME and ZEN were not detected in 143 wheat and maize samples; and ③ chemically pure T 2 toxins (100 μg · kg -1 - 1BW · d) induced KBD model in chicks and Streptomyces albus culture (including AOH 6 5 1 9μg / g feed) caused by chickens KSD, KBD model experiments, no animal myocardial damage and cartilage damage, etc .; ④ T2 toxin And MON experimental group, the detection of OC-Ⅲ type of articular cartilage damage in miniature pigs, the latter results of KBD etiological study of the reference value needs more work to be judged. Conclusion The case-control study and experimental pathology results do not support the two pathogenic Fusarium toxin poisoning and Alternaria toxin poisoning. Proposed a number of collaborative, repeated testing of food fungi and their toxins in order to make a final assessment of the etiology of the two disease mycotoxins.