近代西方生物学知识随着传教士的大量涌入而传入中国。为了适应教会兴办的学堂需要,传教士编写了最早的一批生物教科书。清政府实行壬寅—癸卯学制之后,全国建立了大量的新式中小学堂,清政府及各级官办机构、民间书坊和部分学堂都出版了不少中小学生物教科书,这些教科书大部分是根据日本教科书翻译而来。相对于官办机构,民间书坊占据了清末中小学教科书的主阵地。清末的中小学生物教科书虽然尚不成熟,但对后来生物教科书的编写与出版起到了奠基作用。 Modern western biological knowledge came to China with the influx of missionaries. In order to meet the needs of the church to set up the school, missionaries wrote the first batch of biological textbooks. After the Qing government implemented the Renyin-Guimao system, a large number of new primary and secondary schools, the Qing government and government agencies at all levels were established across the country. Many non-governmental bookshops and some schools have published many textbooks for primary and secondary school biology. Most of these textbooks are based on Japan Textbook translated. Relative to the government-run institutions, folk bookstores occupy the primary school textbook primary and secondary schools in the late Qing Dynasty. Although primary and middle school biology textbooks in the late Qing Dynasty are not yet mature, they have laid the foundation for the later compilation and publication of biological textbooks.