诺里斯是美国自然主义作家的代表。作为“小麦三部曲”中最出名的一部,《章鱼》真实生动地刻画了广袤无垠的西部大地,淳朴敦厚的民俗民风以及积极向上的劳动人民。然而工业化的发展加速了铁路托拉斯疯狂掠夺的步伐,西部画卷风光不再,贪婪自私侵蚀人心,紧随其后的是道德的沦丧和信仰的背弃。日趋严重的生态危机迫使人们开始审视自我。从生态视角解读诺里斯的《章鱼》,旨在唤起更多人的生态意识,重构自然生态、社会生态和精神生态三者的和谐统一。 Norris is the representative of American naturalistic writers. As the most famous one in “The Trilogy of Wheat”, “Octopus” vividly portrays the vast expanse of the western land, the simple and honest folk custom and the positive and progressive working people. However, the development of industrialization accelerated the pace of the crazy grab of the railway trust. The picture in the west was no longer popular. The greed and selfish invasion of human beings followed by the loss of morality and the abandonment of faith. The growing ecological crisis has forced people to start to examine themselves. Norris’s “octopus” is interpreted from an ecological perspective, aiming to arouse more people’s ecological awareness and reconstruct the harmony of the natural ecology, social ecology and spiritual ecology.