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学生往往对“惯性”这一概念存在很模糊的认识、当让他们解释课本第67页图3—7车上木块倾倒的原因时,这种模糊认识可归纳为下述几个方面。一、认为力是使物体产生运动的原因,因而把物体的惯性看作是驱使物体运动的一种“力”即“惯力”,运动物体本身就具有这种力。所以他们说:“因为小车遇到障碍物,阻止了它向前的运动力,而与车一起运动的木块还有向前的力,所以它向前倒下。”而实际上恰恰相反,物体受到的摩擦力是向后的,它并没有受到向前的力。二、把惯性和惯性定律混淆,认为只有物体不受力时物体才具有惯性。所以他们说:“因为一切物体在没有受到外力时,都具有
Students often have a vague understanding of the concept of “inertia”. When they are allowed to explain the reasons for the dumping of wooden blocks on the car as shown in Figure 3-7 on page 67 of the textbook, this kind of vague understanding can be summarized as the following aspects. First, it is considered that force is the cause of the movement of an object. Therefore, the inertia of an object is regarded as a “force” or “inertia force” that drives the motion of an object. A moving object itself has such a force. So they said: “Because the car encounters an obstacle, it stops it from moving forward, and the block that moves with the car has forward force, so it falls forward.” In fact, on the contrary, The friction force on the object is backwards, it does not receive forward force. Second, confuse the laws of inertia and inertia, assuming that the object has inertia only when the object is not under force. So they said: "Because all objects have no external forces,