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美国《幸福》杂志载文谈“企业领导人的必备条件”,文章认为:在美国公司内已不能象过去那样管理现在的劳动力了。军队的指挥和控制模式不时兴了。企业领导人的工作是确定战略方针,使你的手下同意,然后给他们资金和权力,让他们去干。专家们列举了权力的五种基本形式。第一种是奖赏权,同奖赏权对应的是惩罚权,例如把某一个人解雇。第三种是职权。职权可能是特定的,专门授与的,如签署价值10万美元的合同或批准一揽子计划的权力。第四种权力来自技术专长:“我对市场调查的了解胜过任何人,市场调查表明,红颜色的销路比蓝颜色好。”最后一种是心理学家谈到的“专属权”,这种权力属于领导人,因为人们钦佩他,希望象他那
The article in the “Happiness” magazine of the United States talks about the “requisites for business leaders.” The article argues: It is no longer possible to manage the current labor force in American companies as it used to. The command and control mode of the military is not fashionable. The business leader’s job is to define a strategic approach so that your men can agree and then give them funds and power to get them to do it. The experts cited five basic forms of power. The first is the right to reward, and the right to reward is corresponding to the right to punishment, such as the dismissal of an individual. The third kind is authority. The authority may be specific, specifically granted, such as the power to sign a contract valued at $100,000 or to approve the package. The fourth type of power comes from technical expertise: “My understanding of market research is better than anyone else. Market research shows that the sale of red color is better than blue color.” The last is the “exclusive right” that psychologists talk about. The power belongs to the leaders because people admire him and hope to be like him.