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用新质源雄性不育系金农1A(CMS-FA)作母本,分别与来自10个国家和国内13个省份的220个水稻品种组配成杂交种,考察F1代的花粉染色率、套袋结实率和自然结实率。在F1代中,当这3项育性指标均≤10%时,显示父本品种具有雄性不育保持能力,因而将其划分为保持系资源;当3项育性指标均≥80%时,显示父本品种具有雄性不育恢复能力,将其划分为恢复系资源;此外的其他父本品种,即3项育性指标中任何一项指标>10%或<80%,既不能作为保持系,也不能作为恢复系,被划分为非杂交稻亲本资源。在220个水稻品种中,可作为金农1A保持系的有122个,占55.5%;未发现恢复系亲本;非杂交稻亲本品种有98个,占44.5%。CMS-FA型的杂交稻亲本资源利用率为55.5%。对照野败型不育系珍汕97A(CMS-WA)的保持系亲本品种有44个,占20.0%;恢复系亲本品种42个,占19.1%;非杂交稻亲本品种134个,占60.9%。CMS-WA型的杂交稻亲本资源利用率为39.1%。CMS-FA系统比CMS-WA系统的亲本稻种资源利用率高16.4个百分点,尤其是保持系资源利用率高35.5个百分点(近1.8倍)。国外品种的育性普遍低于国内品种。
The new CMS line Jinnong 1A (CMS-FA) was used as the female parent to breed 220 hybrid rice varieties with 10 rice varieties from 10 countries and 13 provinces in China. The F1 pollen dyeing rate, Set bagging rate and natural seed setting rate. In the F1 generation, when all three fertility indexes were less than or equal to 10%, it showed that the male parent breed possessed the male sterility maintenance ability and thus was divided into maintainer resources. When the three fertility indexes were both ≥80% The male parent breeds were found to have the ability to restore male sterility, which is divided into restorer resources. In addition, other male parent breeds, ie, 10% or <80% of any of the 3 fertility indicators, neither can serve as maintainers , Nor can they be used as restorer lines to be classified as non-hybrid rice parental resources. Among the 220 rice cultivars, 122 were maintainers of Jinnong 1A, accounting for 55.5%; no restorer parents were found; 98 non-hybrid rice parents accounted for 44.5%. CMS-FA hybrid rice parental resource utilization rate was 55.5%. The maintainer lines of CMS-Zhenshan 97A (CMS-WA) had 44 accessions (20.0%), 42 restorer lines (19.1%), and 134 non-hybrid rice parents (60.9% . CMS-WA hybrid rice parental resource utilization rate was 39.1%. The utilization rate of CMS-FA system was 16.4% higher than that of CMS-WA system, especially the retention system was 35.5% (nearly 1.8 times) higher. The fertility of foreign varieties is generally lower than domestic varieties.