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目的了解老挝北部蚊虫种群组成及孳生习性,为蚊虫分类、防治及生物资源利用提供参考。方法 2014年和2015年8-10月,在老挝北部5个省的7个县设置调查点,利用夜间诱蚊灯诱捕成蚊和日间捞捕蚊幼虫两种方法采集蚊虫,对捕获蚊虫进行分类鉴定并调查孳生环境类型。结果共捕获成蚊5 921只和蚊幼虫3 526条,隶属于3亚科15属19亚属82种(亚种);其中诱蚊灯通宵诱捕法捕获成蚊2亚科10属11亚属37种共5 921只,三带喙库蚊为优势种,占捕蚊总数的66.29%(3 925/5 921);幼虫捞捕法捕获蚊幼虫3亚科12属17亚属59种共3 526条,三带喙库蚊占捕获总数的21.30%(751/3 526);共调查蚊幼虫孳生积水环境7类636处,其中竹筒、树洞积水162处和轮胎积水153处,占总积水数的49.30%(315/636),为主要孳生地。结论老挝北部蚊虫种类丰富,三带喙库蚊为优势蚊种,银足按蚊、微小按蚊、中华按蚊、白纹伊蚊、骚扰阿蚊和埃及伊蚊为当地次优势种。幼虫孳生地复杂多样,不同蚊种有其特殊孳生习性,但各蚊种共生现象普遍存在。
Objective To understand the population composition and breeding habits of mosquitoes in northern Laos and provide references for the classification, prevention and treatment of mosquitoes and the utilization of biological resources. Methods In 2014 and from August to October 2015, investigation points were set up in seven counties of five provinces in northern Laos. Mosquitoes were collected by trapping mosquitoes at night and mosquito larvae during the day, capturing mosquitoes Classification and identification of breeding and investigation of the type of environment. Results A total of 5 921 adult mosquitoes and 3 526 mosquito larvae were captured and 82 subfamilies (subspecies) belonging to 19 genera and 15 genera in 3 subfamilies were captured. Among them, mosquito trap captured the subfamilies 10 subfamilies 11 subfamilies 37 species, a total of 5 921, Culex tritaeniorhynchus dominant species, accounting for 66.29% of the total number of mosquitoes (3925/5 921); larvae capture method to capture mosquito larva 3 subfamilies 12 genera 17 subgenera 59 species of 3 526, and Culex tritaeniorhynchus accounted for 21.30% (751/3 526) of the total number of catches. A total of 636 species of mosquito larvae were found in 7 categories, including bamboo cylinder, 162 cavities in tree holes and 153 accumulations of tire water, Accounting for 49.30% (315/636) of the total number of water, as the main breeding place. Conclusion There are abundant mosquitoes in northern Laos. The dominant species are Culex tritaeniorhynchus, Anopheles stephensi, Anopheles minimus, Anopheles sinensis, Aedes albopictus, Euphorbia pulcherrima and Aedes aegypti. Larvae breeding complex and diverse, different species of mosquitoes have their special breeding habits, but the common phenomenon of mosquito coexistence.