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煤层水力压裂技术是近年来应用于高瓦斯低透气性突出煤层的一种卸压增透消突技术,人们对水力压裂的卸压增透消突机理有了较充分的认识,现场工程应用的效果也较好,但有关煤层水力压裂参数是如何确定的系统分析却是很少。笔者在阐述水力压裂机理及压裂过程的基础上,系统地阐述高瓦斯低透气性突出煤层水力压裂所需的注水压力、流量、注水时间、注水速度、孔间距、封孔长度等技术参数以及煤体内在因素的影响作用;最后在义安矿FD003工作面进行了水力压裂试验研究和效果考察,得出适合义安矿的水力压裂合理注水参数。通过水力压裂,煤层瓦斯抽放量和抽放浓度得到大幅度提高,达到了卸压增透防突效果,同时起到了润湿煤体和降尘效果。
The hydraulic fracturing technology in coal seam is a kind of pressure relief and penetration enhancing technology applied to high gas and low permeability coal seam in recent years. People have a better understanding of the mechanism of relief and pressure increase and elimination of hydraulic fracturing. Field engineering The effect of application is also good, but there are few systematic analyzes on how to determine the parameters of hydraulic fracturing in coal seams. On the basis of expounding the hydraulic fracturing mechanism and fracturing process, the author systematically expounds the water injection pressure, flow rate, water injection time, water injection speed, hole spacing and sealing hole length required for hydraulic fracturing of high gas and low permeability coal seam Parameters and internal factors of coal. Finally, hydraulic fracturing test and effect investigation were conducted on FD003 working face of Yian’an Mine, and the reasonable waterflooding parameters suitable for hydraulic fracturing of Yian Mine were obtained. Through hydraulic fracturing, the amount of gas drainage and draining concentration of coal seam has been greatly improved, reaching the effect of pressure relief and anti-penetration, at the same time, it has played the role of wetting coal and reducing dust.