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民粹主义是十九世纪中叶在俄国出现的一个带有浓厚空想社会主义色彩的小资产阶级思想流派,是俄国长期经济落后,农民小生产者占优势这样一个历史时代特有的产物。民粹主义经历了一段漫长的形成、发展和衰落的时期,在俄国历史上产生过举足轻重的影响。本文对这一历程依次展开简要论述,以加深我们对民粹主义的认识和对马克思列宁主义的科学社会主义思想的理解。
Populism was a petty bourgeois school of thought with a strong utopian socialism that appeared in Russia in the middle of the 19th century. It is a peculiar product of Russia’s long-term economic backwardness and the predominance of small-scale peasant producers. Populism has undergone a long period of formation, development and decline, and has had a significant impact in the history of Russia. This article starts with a brief discussion of this process in order to deepen our understanding of populism and understand Marxist-Leninist ideas of scientific socialism.