[流派概述]欧洲的启蒙文学出现在１８世纪，它与启蒙运动是密不可分的。英国在１８世纪中叶发生的工业革命使资本主义飞速发展。但是资产阶级此时没有政治权利，资本主义生产也因封建主义的禁锢而得不到进一步发展，因此资产阶级迫切要求冲破封建束缚，登上政治舞台，他们发动 [Genre Overview] European enlightenment literature appeared in the 18th century, and it is inseparable from the Enlightenment Movement. The industrial revolution that took place in Britain in the middle of the 18th century made capitalism develop rapidly. However, the bourgeoisie did not have political rights at this time, and capitalist production was not further developed because of feudalism. Therefore, the bourgeoisie desperately sought to break the shackles of feudalism and enter the political arena. They started