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山东高密扑灰年画以其风格朴雅,工艺独特,在2005年入选首批《中国非物质文化遗产保护名录》。它的制作是先将柳枝烧灰后,加入米汤拌成糊状,然后用毛笔蘸着起稿,起完稿后就可以在纸上拓印,继而艺人在扑好的稿上敷彩、勾线,最后在画面的重点部位涂上明油。高密扑灰年画在造型上以写实为主,力求简练、概括,设色多为水墨,呈现出淡雅古朴的效果。在表现手法上,扑灰年画受文人画的影响,工笔技法的运用多于写意,工写并重,用写意手法落笔,在局部上,采用工笔的表现技法,细心描绘,从而形成了写意与工笔的强烈对比。笔者通过对高密姜庄镇的棉花屯村等村庄著名艺人的现状调查及市场调研,综合学术界、普通大众及年画从业者对保护扑灰年画的认识,提出扑灰年画保护的重点是对传承人的保护。因为传承人是扑灰年画技艺的重要承载者和传递者,他们掌握着、承载着相关的文化传统和精湛的技艺,他们是年画艺术的活的宝库,是艺术遗产活态传承可持续发展的最为关键的所在。
Shandong Gaomi Loofah New Year Pictures, with its elegant style and unique craftsmanship, was selected as the first batch of “China Intangible Cultural Heritage Protection List” in 2005. Its production is the first Willow gravy, add rice soup mix into a paste, and then dipped in brush writing, after the completion of the manuscript can be rubbed on the paper, then the artist in the flutter of a good manuscript lottery, hook line, Finally painted the key parts of the picture bright oil. High-density dust gray New Year pictures in the realistic style to the main, and strive to concise, generalized, color mostly ink, showing a simple and elegant effect. In terms of performance techniques, the influence of painting on the New Year’s paintings by the literati is more than that of the brushwork. Both the techniques of writing and writing are more than the techniques of freehand brushwork. Both the writing and the writing are equally important and the writing is done in a deliberate manner. On the part, Intense contrast. Based on the investigation and market research on the status quo of famous artists such as the village of Tuen Mun and so on in the vicinity of Gaomi Township, the author puts forward that the protection of the New Year’s pictures should be based on the knowledge of academics, the general public and the New Year’s drawing practitioners. Human protection. Because the heirs are important bearers and deliverers of the art of painting New Year’s greetings, they hold and carry relevant cultural traditions and exquisite craftsmanship. They are the living treasure house of the art of New Year paintings, and the inheritance and sustainable development of artistic heritage The most crucial place.