在最近的几年中发现某些疾病与人类自细胞抗原(HLA)系统有关系。同时,对该系统复杂性了解已有进展,并在检测组成该系统不同基因的产物或抗原技术方面也有发展。HLA抗原由位于第6对染色体四个位点上的基因给予编码(HLA—A,—B,—C和—D基因各有一个位点)。许多交替的基因型或等位基因可以发生在每一个位点上,但由于每一个个体的细胞都有成对的染色体,因此在四个位点的每一个中它们仅表达2种编码的抗原。其它的基因在同一部位也可见到,并且近来注意力集中在主要表达于外周血中B淋 In recent years it has been found that certain diseases are related to the human self-cell antigen (HLA) system. At the same time, progress has been made in understanding the complexity of the system and has also been developed in the detection of products or antigen technologies that make up the different genes of the system. HLA antigens are encoded by genes located at the four sites on chromosome 6 (one for each of the HLA-A, -B, -C and -D genes). Many alternating genotypes or alleles can occur at every locus, but since each individual cell has paired chromosomes, they express only two encoded antigens in each of the four loci . Other genes can also be seen in the same location, and recent attention has focused on the main expression in peripheral blood B lymph