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目的了解农村居民结核病防治核心知识水平和获得途径,为制订结核病防治策略提供依据。方法采用随机抽样和系统抽样相结合的方法,抽取龙游县农村12~65岁常住居民600人开展结核病防治核心知识调查。结果农村居民结核病防治核心知识总知晓率为52.00%,其中“近距离咳嗽能传染肺结核”知晓率为84.00%,“咳嗽超过2周考虑为结核病”知晓率为28.00%,“怀疑患结核病时,知晓就诊地点”知晓率为29.50%,“肺结核免费治疗政策”知晓率为53.50%,“肺结核可以治愈”知晓率为65.00%。结核病核心知识知晓率随年龄增长呈下降趋势(P<0.05)。结核病核心知识知晓率随文化程度增高呈升高趋势(P<0.05)。农村居民获取结核病防治核心知识的主要途径为听别人说,占70.17%(421人);其次为看电视和电影,占42.33%(254人)。97.67%的农村居民有获取结核病知识的意愿,最希望获取带有健康知识的生活物品和声像制品,分别占35.33%(212人)和19.33%(116人)。结论龙游县农村居民结核病防治核心知识知晓率较低,应加强农村居民结核病防治知识宣传,尤其是文化程度低、年龄较大的居民。
Objective To understand the core knowledge and access of tuberculosis prevention and control in rural areas and provide evidence for the development of tuberculosis prevention and control strategies. Methods Using a combination of random sampling and systematic sampling, 600 residents of 12 to 65-year-old rural residents in Longyou county were selected to carry out the core knowledge survey of tuberculosis prevention and control. Results The total awareness rate of core knowledge of prevention and treatment of tuberculosis among rural residents was 52.00%. The awareness rate of tuberculosis was 84.00% and the awareness rate of coughing more than 2 weeks was tuberculosis 28.00% When you suspect TB, you know the place where you are visiting. The awareness rate is 29.50%. The awareness rate of free treatment for tuberculosis is 53.50%. The awareness rate of tuberculosis can be cured is 65.00%. The awareness rate of core knowledge of tuberculosis decreased with age (P <0.05). The awareness rate of core knowledge of tuberculosis increased with the increase of education level (P <0.05). The main ways for rural residents to acquire the core knowledge of tuberculosis control are listening to others, accounting for 70.17% (421 persons), followed by watching television and movies (42.33%). 97.67% of rural residents wished to acquire knowledge of tuberculosis, and they most wanted to obtain 35.33% (212 persons) and 19.33% (116 persons) of health products and audio-visual products with health knowledge. Conclusion There is a low awareness rate of core knowledge of tuberculosis prevention and control among rural residents in Longyou County. Knowledge of tuberculosis prevention and control among rural residents should be strengthened, especially for those residents with low education level and older age.