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水稻生长的各生育期,需要有一定的生育环境,如合适的土、水、肥、气候等因素,如果上述各因素失调,即所谓水稻的生态环境失调,则必定影响水稻的正常生育。以往人们只注意到水稻的生长除肥料之外,就靠水。即所谓有“收多收少靠肥,有收无收靠水”之说。其实不然,且不说肥的用法有讲究,水的用量也有讲究。经过长期的生产实践证明,不适当的开发水利资源以及不合适的灌溉方法,都会使水稻的生态环境失调,产生潜育化水稻土、即所谓“渍害”,也就是所谓“环境水利”问题。根据中国科学院南京土壤研究所的估计,我国南方约有一亿亩各种类型的潜育化水稻土,属中、低产田,如能改善其生态环境,将对促进我国粮食增产有很大影响。我省也有600万亩左右这类中、低产田,占全省水田总面积的20％。多年来,它一直影响我省有关地区的粮食向高产方面发展,也影响这类地区的农民增加收入。
The growth of rice requires a certain fertility environment, such as suitable soil, water, fertilizer, climate and other factors. If the above factors are out of balance, the so-called ecological imbalance of rice will certainly affect the normal growth of rice. In the past people only noticed that the growth of rice in addition to fertilizer, rely on water. That the so-called “income and more income by less fat, there is income confiscated by the” said. In actual fact, not to mention the use of fertilizer is stress, the amount of water is also stress. After long-term production practice has proved that improper development of water resources and inappropriate methods of irrigation, will make the ecological environment of rice disorders, resulting in gleyed paddy soil, the so-called “stains”, which is the so-called “environmental water” . According to the estimation of Nanjing Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, there are about 100 million mu of various types of gleaming paddy soils in the south of our country, belonging to middle and low yield fields. If they can improve their ecological environment, they will have a great impact on boosting grain output in our country . There are also about 6 million mu of middle and low yield fields in our province, accounting for 20% of the total paddy field in the province. For many years, it has been affecting the development of high-yielding grain in the relevant areas of our province and has also affected the incomes of peasants in such areas.