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杜鹃花以其种类繁多、花形多样、花色艳丽、花期甚长等特点,成为世界名花,也是中国十大名花之一。早在唐代就被诗人白居易喻为“花中西施”,现代有人称之为“木本花王”。中国原产的杜鹃花,主要分布在长江以南,尤以云南、西藏、四川最为集中,其中云南是世界杜鹃花的分布中心和栽培发源地。从杜鹃花属的自然分布来看,平原甚少,多生长在低纬度山地或高海拔地区,呈纯林或与其他树木混生。故多喜富含腐殖质、排水良好的酸性土壤(pH值4.0～6.5),忌碱性和粘质土。除热带杜鹃外,大多喜凉爽湿润气候。
Rhododendron with its wide variety, flower-shaped variety, beautiful colors, flowering and other characteristics, become the world famous, is one of China’s top ten flowers. As early as the Tang Dynasty by the poet Bai Juyi as “flower Shi Xi”, some people call it the modern “woody kings.” The native azaleas in China are mainly distributed in the south of the Yangtze River, especially in Yunnan, Tibet and Sichuan. Among them, Yunnan is the distribution center of the world azaleas and the birthplace of cultivation. From the natural distribution of the genus Rhododendron, the plains rarely grow more in low latitudes mountain or high altitude areas, were pure forest or mixed with other trees. Therefore, hi more rich in humus, well-drained acidic soil (pH 4.0 ~ 6.5), avoid alkaline and clay soil. In addition to tropical rhododendrons, most like hi cool humid climate.