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为了解我省乡镇企业职业危害情况,1987年-1988年我们对497家乡镇企业劳动卫生状况作了调查。被调查企业有职工25 854人,从事生产性有害因素人员23 016人,占职工总数的89％。其中接触粉尘者21 457人;毒物1260人,物理因素299人。主要分布于矿山开采、建材、硅铁冶炼、建筑、农机修造等行业。其职业危害主要为生产性粉尘(以煤尘、水泥尘、石英、石棉为主),其次为毒物(以铅、锰、铬、苯类物为主),物理因素主要为噪音。我省乡镇企业多数因陋就简,土法上马,设备落后,多为手工操作,生产环境卫生条件差,劳动强度大.大多数无
To understand the occupational hazards of township enterprises in our province, from 1987 to 1988, we investigated the labor hygiene status of 497 township and village enterprises. The surveyed enterprises had 25,854 employees and 23,016 people engaged in productive harmful factors, accounting for 89% of the total number of employees. Of these, 21,457 were exposed to dust, 1,260 were poisonous, and 299 were physical factors. Mainly located in mining, building materials, ferrosilicon smelting, construction, construction machinery and other industries. Occupational hazards are mainly productive dust (coal dust, cement dust, quartz and asbestos), followed by poison (mainly lead, manganese, chromium and benzene). The main physical factors are noise. The majority of township enterprises in our province are due to being simple and civilized, with backward equipment, mostly manual operation, poor sanitary conditions in production and labor intensity.