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库木土喇石窟位于新疆维吾尔族自治区库车县,是古龟兹历史文化与艺术价值遗存的重要表现。其46窟主室正壁上部绘有猕猴伎乐图像,为国内石窟壁画罕见。笔者考证,该图像并非为“肃穆佛国增加一份情趣”所绘,而是以猕猴经变譬喻故事表现与宣讲小乘佛教“根本说一切有部”思想,受到西北印度贵霜王朝后罽宾佛僧在西域龟兹传播小乘佛教的影响。本文对该伎乐图像的民族、宗教、风俗及历史文化背景进行多重视域考证,为龟兹石窟猕猴伎乐音乐文化研究提供背景基础。
Located in Kuqa County, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Kumu Tuala Caves is an important manifestation of the ancient Kuqa historical and cultural heritage. The main wall of its 46 cave main wall painted the upper part of macaque music images, rare for the domestic cave murals. The author studies, the image is not “for the solemn increase of a Buddha’s love,” the painting, but the metaphorical story of the macaques metaphor and preaching the teachings of Theravada “basically everything has a ministry,” thought, by the Northwest India cream Influences of Buddhism Sutra Spreading Hinoki Buddhism in Western Qiuci after Dynasty. This article conducts a multi-field research on the ethnic, religious, customs and historical and cultural backgrounds of the Gele Lok image, which provides the background for the study of music and music culture of the macaque in the Qūzī Grottoes.