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目的:研究在相同力值牵引下,愈合时间对微型种植体支抗稳定性的影响。方法:在8只Beagle犬上颌根间牙槽骨中植入49颗微型种植体支抗,分别在即刻负载、愈合2周、愈合4周、愈合12周后施以150g水平牵引力,定期注射荧光标志物,负载2个月后处死动物。制作种植体-骨的不脱钙硬组织切片,进行荧光显微镜观察、组织形态学测量和推出试验。采用SAS6.12软件包中的单因素方差分析和SNK法分析各组间差异,相关性分析BIC、BSA值与生物力学性能参数的相关性。结果:4组标本的骨结合百分率(bone-to-implant contact,BIC)和骨充填率(bone surface area,BSA)分别为(46.6±2.72)%、(44.08±3.62)%、(17.07±0.63)%、(32.85±3.01)%及(66.39±2.94)%、(64.96±5.11)%、(36.82±0.08)%、(70.33±4.07)%。愈合4周与其他3组之间均有显著性差异。4组标本种植体-骨界面的最大剪切力分别是(270.4±20.36)N、(270.4±6.97)N、(105.8±3.73)N、(335.07±17.22)N。愈合12周组与其他3组之间均有显著性差异。种植体-骨界面的总吸收能量情况与最大剪切力相似。微型种植体的生物力学性能与BSA的相关系数显著高于其与BIC的相关系数(P<0.05)。结论:愈合12周是一个较为理想的负载前愈合时间。即刻负载和愈合2周负载也可以接受,但必须注意种植体的即刻固位和即刻稳定性。而愈合4周负载则不利于种植体的稳定。
OBJECTIVE: To study the effect of healing time on the stability of micro-implant anchorage under traction with the same force. Methods: Nine micro implant implants were implanted into the maxillary root alveolar bone of 8 Beagle dogs. Immediate load, 2 weeks of healing, 4 weeks of healing and 150 days of horizontal traction after 12 weeks of healing were performed. Fluorescence was periodically injected Markers were sacrificed 2 months after loading. The implant-bone non-decalcified hard tissue sections were made and observed by fluorescence microscopy, histomorphometry and push-out tests. One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and SNK method were used to analyze the differences among the groups using the SAS6.12 software package. The correlation between BIC, BSA and biomechanical parameters was analyzed. Results: The bone-to-implant contact (BIC) and bone surface area (BSA) were (46.6 ± 2.72)%, (44.08 ± 3.62)%, (17.07 ± 0.63) ), (32.85 ± 3.01)% and (66.39 ± 2.94)%, (64.96 ± 5.11)%, (36.82 ± 0.08)% and (70.33 ± 4.07)%, respectively. Healing 4 weeks and the other three groups were significantly different. The maximal shear force of the four groups of implant-bone interface were (270.4 ± 20.36) N, (270.4 ± 6.97) N, (105.8 ± 3.73) N and (335.07 ± 17.22) N, respectively. There was a significant difference between the 12-week healing group and the other 3 groups. The total absorbed energy at the implant-bone interface is similar to the maximum shear force. The correlation coefficient between the biomechanical properties of micro-implants and BSA was significantly higher than that of BIC (P <0.05). Conclusion: Healing for 12 weeks is an ideal pre-load healing time. Immediate loading and healing 2 weeks of loading are also acceptable, but care must be taken with the immediate retention and immediate stability of the implant. The 4-week healing load is not conducive to the stability of implants.