十九世纪六十年代,洋务派在“中体西用”思想的指导下,首先创办了一批近代军事工业。为了支持军事工业的发展,民用企业产生了。它从一开始就受到中国封建势力的摧残和外国侵略者的压迫,加之企业自身经营管理不善,最终这些企业都不可避免地走向了失败。 In the 1860s, under the guidance of the ideology of “Western China and Western China,” the Westernization Movement first established a number of modern military industries. In order to support the development of the military industry, civilian enterprises have emerged. From the very beginning, it was devastated by feudal forces in China and oppressed by foreign invaders. Coupled with the poor management of the enterprises themselves, these enterprises inevitably ended up in failure.