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请求是一种在日常交际中大量使用的言语行为,它涉及到言语者自身的社会文化背景及心理因素。本文以Brown和Levinson的面子观及顾曰国等人提出的礼貌理论为依据,分别对中国人和美国人在对外贸易沟通中撰写的40篇英文电子商务信函语篇进行对比分析,从跨文化差异的角度对中美商务人士在电子商务信函中请求策略的使用差异进行解析,研究了社会权利距离、难易程度、自我观差异与请求言语行为的相互关系。研究发现,中美两国商务人士各自的社会文化价值观、权利距离因素影响了两者礼貌请求言语行为的选择,中国商务人士惯用委婉的请求言语行为,中国文化的礼貌原则始终贯穿于言语行为中;而美国人则根据交往关系的亲疏等诸多因素,使用或直接或间接的请求言语行为。
Request is a verbal act that is widely used in daily communication. It involves the social and cultural background and psychological factors of the speaker. Based on the face-views of Brown and Levinson and the politeness theory proposed by Gu Yueguo et al., This paper compares the 40 e-business English essays written by Chinese and Americans in foreign trade respectively, This paper analyzes the differences in the use of request strategies between Chinese and American businesspeople in e-commerce correspondences, and studies the relationship between social rights and distance, ease, self-concept difference and request verbal behavior. The study finds that the values of social culture and the distance between the two parties influence the choice of courtesy requests for speech acts by both business people in China and the United States. Chinese business people often use tactful requests for verbal acts, and the politeness principle of Chinese culture runs through verbal acts While Americans use or directly or indirectly request verbal acts according to many factors, such as the relationship between the two parties.