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在室内条件下采用静态吸收法,研究了外加可溶性碳、氮对不同热量带经长期施肥的3种农田土壤:黑土、潮褐土和红壤氨挥发的影响.结果表明,施用氮肥显著促进了土壤氨挥发,在单施氮肥和可溶性碳配施氮条件下,不同热量带土壤氨挥发量从高到低分别为潮褐土(14.3、7.37 mg.kg-1),黑土(1.52、1.11 mg.kg-1),红壤(0.998、0.402 mg.kg-1).添加可溶性碳显著减少土壤因施氮肥产生的氨挥发量,其中黑土减少27.0%,潮褐土减少48.5%,红壤减少60.0%.在黑土、潮褐土长期不同施肥土壤中,单施氮肥后氨挥发量均表现为无肥土壤>化肥土壤>化肥+有机肥土壤,与可溶性碳配施氮后氨挥发量变化规律相反;在红壤长期不同施肥土壤中,单施氮肥和可溶性碳配施氮后氨挥发量均表现为无肥土壤>化肥土壤>化肥+有机肥土壤.研究结果还表明,外加可溶性碳、氮后,潮褐土铵态氮含量的减少幅度和硝态氮含量的增加幅度均显著高于黑土和红壤,说明潮褐土中氮素损失潜能大.
Under the indoor conditions, the static absorption method was used to study the effects of dissolved carbon and nitrogen on the three kinds of farmland soil with different heat fluxes: black soil, moist cinnamon soil and red soil ammonia volatilization.The results showed that nitrogen application significantly promoted soil Ammonia volatilization. Under the single application of nitrogen and soluble carbon with nitrogen, the ammonia volatilization of soil in different heat zones was moist brown soil (14.3,7.37 mg.kg-1) and black soil (1.52,1.11 mg. kg-1) and red soil (0.998,0.402 mg.kg-1). The addition of soluble carbon significantly reduced the amount of ammonia volatilization produced by nitrogen application in soil, of which 27.0% for black soil, 48.5% for damp brown soil and 60.0% for red soil. In the long-term fertilization soils of black soil and moist cinnamon soil, the ammonia volatilization amount of single fertilization soil showed as fertilizer-free soil> chemical fertilizer soil> chemical fertilizer + organic fertilizer soil, contrary to the change rule of ammonia volatilization after dissolved nitrogen fertilization; In the long-term fertilization soils with different fertilizers, the ammonia volatilization amount of single application of nitrogen fertilizer and soluble carbon with application of nitrogen fertilizer showed no fertilizer soil> chemical fertilizer soil> chemical fertilizer + organic fertilizer soil. The results also showed that after adding soluble carbon and nitrogen, Soil Ammonium Nitrogen Content Reduction and Nitrate Nitrogen Amounts were significantly higher than the rate of increase in Black and Red, cinnamon nitrogen loss of the tide big potential.