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目的了解医院住院患者医院内感染和社区感染的实际状况,为提高医院感染管理水平提供依据。方法采取横断面调查的方法,对某三级综合医院住院患者医院感染现患率进行调查与分析。结果调查当日从实查的5 095例患者中,共查出医院内感染患者267例、288例次,医院内感染现患率为5.24%,例次感染率为5.65%;社区感染患者831例、861例次,社区感染现患率为16.31%,例次感染率为16.90%。医院内感染患者主要分布在重症监护病房(ICU)、血液科和烧伤整形科;社区感染患者主要分布在呼吸科、儿科和感染疾病科。治疗性用药患者病原学标本送检率为41.72%,检出的主要病原菌为肺炎克雷伯菌、铜绿假单胞菌和鲍曼不动杆菌,抗菌药物使用率为34.88%。结论该医院住院病人医院感染现患率较高,感染重点科室较突出,应加强针对性防控措施的建立和落实。
Objective To understand the actual status of nosocomial and hospital infection in hospitals and provide the basis for improving the management of nosocomial infections. Methods The method of cross-sectional survey was used to investigate and analyze the prevalence of nosocomial infection in inpatients in a tertiary general hospital. Results A total of 267 cases and 288 cases of hospital infection were found among the 5 095 patients surveyed on the day of investigation. The prevalence rate of infection in hospital was 5.24% and the incidence rate of infection was 5.65%. There were 831 cases of community infection and 861 cases Cases, the prevalence of community infection was 16.31%, the infection rate was 16.90%. Patients with nosocomial infections are mainly found in intensive care units (ICU), hematology and burn and plastic surgery departments; patients with community-acquired infections are mainly found in respiratory, pediatric and infectious diseases. The therapeutic rate of etiological specimens was 41.72%. The main pathogens detected were Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Acinetobacter baumannii. The antibacterial usage rate was 34.88%. Conclusion The prevalence rate of nosocomial infection in hospital is higher than that in other hospitals. The focus of infection is more prominent. The establishment and implementation of targeted prevention and control measures should be strengthened.