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目的:探讨甲状腺癌及腺瘤组织中钙结合蛋白S100A6(S100A6)和高迁移率族蛋白B1(HMGB1)的表达，以及两者与甲状腺癌临床病理特征的关系。方法:收集吉林省肿瘤医院2012年1月至2019年12月手术治疗甲状腺肿瘤患者的组织标本102例，包括甲状腺瘤22例、甲状腺癌组织80例，另选择正常甲状腺组织16例作为对照组；采用免疫组织化学法检测各组织中S100A6和HMGB1的表达水平，并结合临床资料采用n χ2检验。n 结果:S100A6在正常甲状腺组织、甲状腺瘤组织和甲状腺癌组织中的阳性表达率分别为18.75%(3/16)、54.55%(12/22)和83.75%(67/80)，两两之间比较差异有统计学意义(分别为n t＝8.427、28.526、4.968，n P<0.05)，S100A6表达水平与甲状腺癌美国肿瘤联合委员会(AJCC)分期、组织分化程度、颈部淋巴结转移和包膜浸润明显相关(分别为n t＝4.670、8.158、5.884、5.088，n P<0.05)；HMGB1在正常甲状腺组织、甲状腺瘤组织和甲状腺癌组织中的阳性表达率分别为6.67%(1/16)、37.50%(9/22)和61.45%(51/80)，两两之间比较差异有统计学意义(分别为n t＝7.664、21.429、4.647，n P<0.05)，HMGB1表达水平与甲状腺癌AJCC分期、颈部淋巴结转移、包膜浸润明显相关(分别为n t＝5.093、7.172、5.770，n P<0.05)。n 结论:S100A6和HMGB1在甲状腺癌组织中的阳性表达率明显升高，是甲状腺癌的不良预后因素。“,”Objective:To investigate the expression level of S100 calcium-binding protein A6 (S100A6) and high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) inthyroid carcinoma and thyroid benign tumor, and to analyze the relationship between S100A6 expression, HMGB1 expression and clinicopathologic characteristics of thyroid carcinoma.Methods:The tissue samples of 102 patients with thyroid tumor who underwent surgical resection From January 2012 to December 2019 on Tumor Hospital of Jilin province were collected, including 22 cases of thyroid benign tumor tissues and 80 cases of thyroid carcinoma tissues, and 16 cases of thyroid normal tissues selected as the control group; Immunohistochemical method staining for the paraffin sections (SP method)were used to assess the expression level of S100A6 and HMGB in thyroid carcinomatissues, thyroid benign tumor tissues and thyroidnormal tissues, The statistical analysis of n χ2 test was carried out in combination with clinical data.n Results:The positive expression rate of S100A6 in thyroid normal tissues, thyroid benign tumor tissues and thyroid carcinoma tissues were 18.75% (3/16), 54.55% (12/22) and 83.75% (67/80) with significant difference (Respectively, n t=4.670, 8.158, 5.884, 5.088, n P<0.05), the expressions level of S100A6 were related thyroid carcinoma to American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) clinical stage, differentiation degree, lymph node metastasis and the degree of infiltration (Respectively,n t=4.670, 8.158, 5.884, 5.088, n P<0.05); the positive expression rate of HMGB1 in thyroid normal tissues, thyroid benign tumor tissues and thyroid carcinoma tissues were 6.67% (1/16), 37.50% (9/22) and 61.45% (51/80)with significant difference (Respectively,n t=7.664, 21.429, 4.647, n P<0.05), the expressions level of HMGB1 were related thyroid carcinoma to AJCC clinical stage, lymph node metastasis and the degree of infiltration (Respectively,n t=5.093, 7.172, 5.770, n P<0.05).n Conclusion:Thepositive rate of S100A6 and HMGB1 were significantly up-regulated in thyroid carcinoma tissues, S100A6 and HMGB1 may be prognostic factor for thyroid carcinoma patients.