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目的了解韶关地区儿童急性呼吸道感染(ARI)病毒病原体的感染状况及流行特征,为疾病监测和临床诊治提供依据和参考。方法于2012年6月~2014年5月在粤北人民医院和韶关市第一人民医院收集ARI患儿发病1~3d内的咽拭子标本。应用荧光定量PCR方法检测标本中流感病毒A型和B型(Flu A、Flu B)、副流感病毒1、2、3型(HPIV1、HPIV2、HPIV3)、腺病毒(ADV)、鼻病毒(HRV)、呼吸道合胞病毒(RSV)、偏肺病毒(MPV)、博卡病毒(Bo V)、冠状病毒(HCo V)(229E、OC43、HKU1、NL63)等14种病毒的核酸。分析各病原体感染的流行病学特征及主要临床表现。结果 440份标本中检出阳性226份,病毒总检出率为51.36%(226/440),HRV检出率最高,为11.14%,其他病毒的检出率从高到低依次为Flu A 10.00%、ADV 7.73%、HPIV 7.27%、HCo V 6.36%、MPV 5.91%、Flu B 3.41%、RSV3.18%、HBo V 1.59%。HRV、Flu A、HPIV和Flu B的发病率有一定的季节特征,而ADV、HCo V、MPV、RSV和HBo V的发病率季节特征不明显。HRV、Flu A、ADV在3~岁组检出率较高;HPIV、RSV、HBo V、Flu B在0~岁组检出率较高;HCo V、MPV在1~岁组检出率较高。HRV、Flu A、ADV、MPV、RSV感染患儿出现高热的比例较高。结论引起韶关地区儿童ARI的病毒病原体种类多,占首位是HRV,其次是Flu A和ADV。部分病原体感染有季节流行特征;各病原体的流行与年龄没有明显相关性。
Objective To understand the infection status and epidemiological characteristics of ARI virus in Shaoguan area and provide the basis and reference for disease monitoring and clinical diagnosis and treatment. Methods From June 2012 to May 2014, throat swab specimens from ARI children within 1 ~ 3 days of onset were collected in Yuebei People’s Hospital and Shaoguan First People’s Hospital. Fluorescent quantitative PCR was used to detect influenza A and B (Flu A, Flu B), parainfluenza viruses 1, 2 and 3 (HPIV1, HPIV2, HPIV3), adenovirus (ADV), rhinovirus ), Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), metapneumovirus (MPV), BoV, and HCoV (229E, OC43, HKU1 and NL63). Analysis of the epidemiological characteristics of each pathogen infection and the main clinical manifestations. Results A total of 226 positive samples were detected in 440 samples. The overall detection rate was 51.36% (226/440). The highest detection rate of HRV was 11.14%. The highest detection rates of other viruses were Flu A 10.00 %, ADV 7.73%, HPIV 7.27%, HCo V 6.36%, MPV 5.91%, Flu B 3.41%, RSV 3.18%, HBo V 1.59%. The incidence of HRV, Flu A, HPIV and Flu B had certain seasonal characteristics, while the seasonal characteristics of ADV, HCo V, MPV, RSV and HBo V were not obvious. The detection rates of HRV, Flu A and ADV were higher in the 3 ~ age group. The detection rates of HPIV, RSV, HBo V and Flu B were higher in the 0 ~ high. HRV, Flu A, ADV, MPV, RSV infection in children with high incidence of high fever. Conclusions There are many viral pathogens causing ARI in Shaoguan area, accounting for the first place being HRV, followed by Flu A and ADV. The infection of some pathogens has seasonal epidemic characteristics; the prevalence of each pathogen has no significant correlation with age.