A型流感病毒感染由于具有高发病率和致死率的特点,已经成为全球关注的公共健康问题。目前,接种疫苗是预防流感发生与传播的最有效的手段。但目前上市的疫苗具有种特异性,需每年更新,且流感病毒亚型众多,不同血清型毒株间缺乏交叉保护性,所以开发研究具有交叉保护性的广谱疫苗意义重大。血凝素(HA)是现有流感疫苗的主要有效成分,也是诱生保护性抗体的主要抗原,因此成为广谱通用疫苗的热门研究靶点。文章就基于HA的通用禽流感疫苗的研究进展作一简单综述。 Influenza A virus infection has become a global public health concern because of its high morbidity and mortality. At present, vaccination is the most effective way to prevent the occurrence and spread of influenza. However, the vaccines currently marketed are species-specific and need to be updated annually. There are many influenza virus subtypes and lack of cross-protection between different serotype strains. Therefore, it is of great significance to develop a broad-spectrum vaccine with cross-protection. Hemagglutinin (HA) is the main active ingredient of the current influenza vaccine and is also the main antigen for inducing protective antibodies. Therefore, hemagglutinin (HA) has become a hot research target of a broad-spectrum universal vaccine. This article gives a brief overview of the research progress of HA-based universal vaccine against avian influenza.