听力理解作为基本语言技能越来越受到广大教育工作者的重视,但学习者往往只重视语音、词汇、语法等知识的提高,而忽略了与听力理解关系密切的背景知识,即图式的积累。本文以认知语言研究领域的图式理论为出发点,概述了外语学习者头脑中原有的背景知识在听力理解过程中的重要作用,提出了在图式理论指导下优化听力教学模式的几点建议。 As a basic language skill, listening comprehension is paid more and more attention by the majority of educators. However, learners tend to pay attention to the improvement of pronunciation, vocabulary and grammar, ignoring the background knowledge of comprehension of listening comprehension, . Based on schema theory in cognitive linguistics field, this article summarizes the important role of original background knowledge in foreign language learners’ minds in listening comprehension and puts forward some suggestions on how to optimize listening teaching under the guidance of schema theory .