邓拓在《不要秘诀的秘诀》(高中语文第六册)一文中,提出“读书要用批判的眼光,要取其精华,去其糟粕”。接着,引用《庄子·天道篇》中齐人轮扁的故事,借以说明“古代只有一个没有机会读书的木匠,曾经有过类似这种思想的萌芽”。从而告诉人们读书应有正确的态度和方法。轮扁真的有过“类似”“取其精华,去其糟粕”这种思想的萌芽吗?带着这个疑问,我查阅了《庄子·天道篇》原文,发现在课文引文后面还有一段文字,篇幅不长,抄录如下: 桓公曰:“寡人读书,轮人安得议乎!有说则可,无说则死。”轮扁曰:“臣也以臣之事观之。斫轮,徐则甘而不固,疾则苦而不入,不徐不疾,得之于手而应于心,口不能言,有数存焉于其问。臣不能以喻臣之子,臣 In his article “The Secret of Not Recipe” (Sixth Book of Senior High School), Deng Tuo proposed that “reading should use a critical eye, and we must take its essence and go to its dross”. Then, we quote the story of Zhuangzi Tiandao in the Zhuangzi Heavenly Circle, in order to illustrate that “in ancient times, there was only one carpenter who had no chance to study, and there had been sprouts of similar ideas.” This tells people that reading should have the right attitude and method. Is it true that there has been a “similarity”, “taking its essence, and going to its dregs” in the bud? With this question, I checked the original text of “Zhuangzi Tiandao” and found that there is a paragraph after the text citation. The length is not long, and it is copied as follows: “The public reads the book, and turns to Ann, and if you say it, you can say it. If you say nothing, you die.” Xu is willing to be solid but not solid, while the disease is hard to come by, and if he is not sick, he must be at his heart and he can’t speak with words.