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目的:确定南印度某实施 DOTS 社区的基线培阳、涂阳结核病患病率以及年结核感染率(ARTI)。方法:在 Tiruvallur 地区采用随机整群抽样方法抽取50 个农村及 3 个城区。对所有≥15 岁的成人进行相关症状调查及放射学检查,并对其中具有异常阴影和/或有胸部症状者进行痰涂片和培养检查。在另外73 个村和 3 个城区的整群样本中,对所有<10 岁的儿童进行结核菌素试验。结果:培阳及涂阳患病率分别为 605/10 万和 323/10万。二者均随年龄略有增高,且在所有年龄组男性明显高于女性:培阳及涂阳患病率的男女之比分别为 5.5:1 和 6.5:1。10 岁以下儿童的结核年感染率为1.6%,无性别差异。30 多年来,培阳及涂阳患病率均有所下降,年递降率分别为 1.8%和 2.1%。结论:结核病是印度南部农村的主要卫生问题,其培阳及涂阳患病率分别为 605/10 万和 323/10 万。
PURPOSE: To determine the baseline prevalence of penicillin, smear-positive tuberculosis and annual tuberculosis infection (ARTI) in a DOTS community in South India. METHODS: Fifty rural and three urban areas were sampled by random cluster sampling in Tiruvallur. All adults ≥15 years of age related to the investigation of symptoms and radiological examination, and in which abnormal shade and / or chest symptoms were sputum smear and culture tests. In a cohort of 73 additional villages and three urban districts, all children <10 years of age were tested for tuberculin. Results: The prevalence rates of Peiyang and smear positive were 605/10 and 323/10 respectively. Both increased slightly with age and were significantly higher in men than women in all age groups: the ratio of men to women for the prevalence of bee and smear were 5.5: 1 and 6.5: 1. Tuberculosis infection in children under 10 years of age The rate was 1.6% with no gender differences. Over the past 30 years, the prevalence of peiyang and smear decreased, with an annual decline rate of 1.8% and 2.1% respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Tuberculosis is a major health problem in rural South India with a prevalence of bee and smear of 605 / 100,000 and 323 / 100,000, respectively.