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目的探讨苏州地区住院儿童急性呼吸道感染细菌病原学分布。方法对2005年11月至2007年10月在苏州大学附属儿童医院住院治疗的所有急性呼吸道感染患儿,常规进行深部痰培养,进行病原学分析。结果急性呼吸道感染患儿共3069例,其中881例分离到1种或1种以上致病菌,阳性率为28.7%,最常见的病原菌为肺炎链球菌、流感嗜血杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌和卡他莫拉菌,阳性率分别为10.1%,4.3%,3.7%和2.7%,连续两年病原总阳性率呈增长趋势。总病原阳性率以1个月至1岁最高,为32.8%。流感嗜血杆菌、卡他莫拉菌、大肠埃希菌、肺炎克雷伯杆菌和真菌检出率以低龄组为主。卡他莫拉菌、流感嗜血杆菌和铜绿假单胞菌四季检出率不同。流感嗜血杆菌男性检出率高于女性。结论肺炎链球菌、流感嗜血杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌和卡他莫拉菌是小儿急性呼吸道感染常见致病菌。
Objective To investigate the bacterial etiology of acute respiratory infections in hospitalized children in Suzhou area. Methods From November 2005 to October 2007, all children with acute respiratory infection hospitalized in Children’s Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University were routinely subjected to deep sputum culture for etiological analysis. Results A total of 3069 cases of acute respiratory infection in children, of which 881 cases isolated more than one or more pathogens, the positive rate was 28.7%, the most common pathogens are Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, Staphylococcus aureus and Moraxella catarrhalis, the positive rates were 10.1%, 4.3%, 3.7% and 2.7%, respectively, for two consecutive years the total positive rate of pathogen showed an increasing trend. The total positive rate of pathogens in 1 month to 1 year old was the highest, 32.8%. Haemophilus influenzae, Moraxella catarrhalis, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae and fungi detection rate of low age group. Moraxella catarrhalis, Haemophilus influenzae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa different seasons. Haemophilus influenzae male detection rate higher than women. Conclusion Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, Staphylococcus aureus and Moraxella catarrhalis are common pathogens in children with acute respiratory infection.