“生态问题的核心与关键,是人与自然的关系。”[1]文明在给人类带来物质享受的同时,也深刻改造着世界。随着生态环境的进一步恶化,人类开始重新思考自己对待自然的态度。生态环境遭受破坏的客观现实催生出文学领域的生态批评思想。一、“宠儿”的污染与净化亚里士多德曾说:“植物的存在就是为了动物的降生,其他一些动物又是为了人类而生存。”[2]这种 “The core and key issue of ecological problems is the relationship between man and nature.” [1] Civilization, while bringing material enjoyment to mankind, profoundly remolds the world. With the further deterioration of the ecological environment, humans began to rethink their attitude toward nature. The objective reality that the ecological environment has been destroyed has given birth to the ecological criticism in the field of literature. A. Pollution and Purification of Beloved Aristotle once said: “The existence of plants is for the birth of animals, and some other animals are living for human beings.” [2] This