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自从恢复高考以来,特别是近几年来,每年的高考物理试卷中都有若干道直接或间接取材于课本的题目。在当前物理教学和考试制度改革、高考命题继续执行“稳中有降”原则的形势下,这类试题应引起我们的重视。 1 命题途径 1.1 以课本中关于定理、定律、公式的论证、推导为素材编拟试题。例如,1980年高考题:在薄透镜成象中,设u表示物距,v表示象距,f表示透镜的焦距,试证明薄透镜成象公式为:1/u+1/v=1/f(可只证明成实象的情况)。再根据上式找出象距v为负值的条件,并指出它跟象的
Since the resumption of the college entrance examination, especially in recent years, there have been a number of topics in textbooks that are directly or indirectly drawn from textbooks in the annual college entrance examination physics papers. In the current physics teaching and examination system reform, the college entrance examination proposition continues to implement the principle of “steady and fall”, these questions should arouse our attention. 1 The Propositional Approach 1.1 The argumentation and derivation of the theorem, the law, and the formula in the textbook are used to prepare the test questions. For example, the 1980 college entrance examination question: In thin lens imaging, let u be the object distance, v the image distance, f the focal length of the lens, and try to prove that the thin lens imaging formula is: 1/u+1/v=1/ f (can only prove to be real). Then find out the condition that the image distance v is negative according to the above formula, and point out that it is like the image