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目的了解河北省调查点人群膳食结构,掌握人群膳食营养摄入状况,为有针对性地开展营养干预措施、改善膳食结构提供科学依据。方法以称重法和三日记账法对随机选取的90户居民400人进行膳食营养摄入调查。依据《中国居民膳食指南》、《中国居民营养与健康状况调查报告之十2002年营养与健康状况数据集》进行评价。结果居民平均每天摄入谷类食品376.34g、薯类44.28g、豆类12.35g、鱼虾27.68g、肉类43.07g、蛋类39.04g、奶类26.84g、蔬菜366.81g、水果359.96g、油脂42.44g、食盐10.95g、水及饮料793.50g。居民平均每天摄入能量9 095.68KJ、蛋白质63.4g、脂肪71.7g、碳水化合物342g、膳食纤维13g、胆固醇259g、维生素A350ugRE、硫胺素1.1mg、核黄素0.8mg、尼克酸99.29mg、维生素C88mg、膳食钙365mg、钠5 679mg、锌10.1mg、硒41.6ug、铁23.6 mg。结论调查点居民平均豆类、奶类及其制品、鱼虾水产品类食品明显摄入不足,远远低于推荐量标准;能量、蛋白质、维生素A、维生素C、膳食钙、锌等营养素摄入量低于2002年全国调查水平,低于推荐量标准;脂肪、钠摄入量高于推荐量标准2.5倍以上。调查结果显示居民膳食结构不合理,营养素摄入不平衡。有计划地开展人群膳食营养指导十分必要。
Objective To understand the dietary structure of survey population in Hebei Province and to understand the dietary intake of people in the population and to provide scientific basis for targeted nutrition intervention and improvement of dietary structure. Methods A total of 400 randomly selected residents of 90 households were investigated for dietary intake using the Weighing Method and the three-day accounting method. Based on the “Dietary Guidelines for Chinese Residents” and the “Nutrition and Health Status Dataset of 2002 Survey on Nutrition and Health Status of Chinese People in 2002”. Results The average inhabitants daily intake of cereal 376.34g, potato 44.28g, beans 12.35g, fish 27.68g, meat 43.07g, eggs 39.04g, milk 26.84g, vegetables 366.81g, fruit 359.96g, fat 42.44g, salt 10.95g, water and beverage 793.50g. The average daily intake of energy residents 9 095.68KJ, protein 63.4g, fat 71.7g, carbohydrates 342g, dietary fiber 13g, cholesterol 259g, vitamin a 350ugRE, thiamine 1.1mg, riboflavin 0.8mg, niacin 99.29mg, vitamins C88mg, dietary calcium 365mg, sodium 5 679mg, zinc 10.1mg, selenium 41.6ug, iron 23.6mg. Conclusions The average intake of beans, milk and their products, fish and shrimp aquatic products at the survey site was obviously lower than the recommended standards. The intake of nutrients, such as energy, protein, vitamin A, vitamin C, dietary calcium and zinc, The amount of imports is lower than the national survey in 2002, lower than the recommended amount of standard; fat, sodium intake is higher than the recommended amount of 2.5 times. The survey results showed that residents’ dietary structure was not reasonable and their nutrient intake was not balanced. It is very necessary to carry out the dietary guidance of the population in a planned way.