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目的对援外医疗技术培训班中来自发展中国家学员的医院感染相关知识认知情况进行调查,针对认知调查结果进行相关因素分析。方法 2015年对参加援外医疗技术培训班来自30个发展中国家的176名外国学员(包括医疗管理人员、医生、护士、医学生)进行问卷调查,问卷时间为培训的第二周,发放问卷现场完成,问卷自行设计,内容包括医院感染相关的十个内容,对医院感染相关知识认知情况进行分类比较及影响因素分析。结果 176名外国学员医院感染知识问卷及格人数为96人,及格率为54.5%,认知差的医院感染相关知识为医院感染发生的高危因素,标准预防、医疗垃圾分类处置、职业暴露于医护人员自我防护、重点部门感染控制要求、抗生素合理应用、医院感染预防措施等7个方面。平均得分(59.06±7.90),医疗卫生官员、医生、护士、医学生平均得分分别为(50.13±6.073)、(64.73±3.28)、(60.93±4.13)、(45.49±6.62)分。经比较,医生和护士得分显著高于医疗卫生官员和医学生,医生显著高于护士(均P<0.001)。影响因素分析显示,男性学员、欧洲、亚洲学员、有宗教信仰者、硕士、本科以上学历者、中低年资学员、既往有培训经历者合格率均较高(P<0.001)。结论 2015年发展中国家医务人员医院感染知识普遍不足,性别、来源地区、宗教信仰、学历和工作年限、既往培训经历均对医院感染知识掌握程度有影响。
Objective To investigate the cognition of nosocomial infection related to trainees from developing countries in training courses of foreign aid medical technology and to analyze the related factors according to the results of cognitive surveys. Methods A total of 176 foreign participants (including medical managers, doctors, nurses and medical students) from 30 developing countries who participated in the training program for foreign aid medical technology were surveyed in 2015. The questionnaire was sent to the questionnaire site for the second week of training Completed, the questionnaire designed on its own, including the contents of 10 related to nosocomial infection, awareness of hospital infection related knowledge classification and comparison of influencing factors. Results A total of 96 foreigners were eligible to receive hospital infection knowledge questionnaire, with a passing rate of 54.5%. The knowledge of nosocomial infection was high risk factor for nosocomial infection, standard precaution, medical waste classification and occupational exposure to health care workers Self-protection, key departments infection control requirements, rational use of antibiotics, prevention of nosocomial infections and other seven aspects. The mean score was 59.06 ± 7.90. The average scores of medical officers, doctors, nurses and medical students were (50.13 ± 6.073), (64.73 ± 3.28), (60.93 ± 4.13) and (45.49 ± 6.62) respectively. By comparison, doctors and nurses scored significantly higher than medical and health officials and medical students, doctors were significantly higher than the nurses (P <0.001). The analysis of influencing factors showed that male students, Europeans, Asians, religious beliefs, master’s degree, bachelor’s degree or above, middle-aged and lower-level graduates and past training experience had higher pass rates (P <0.001). Conclusion In 2015, the knowledge of hospital infection among medical staff in developing countries was generally inadequate. The gender, origin, religious belief, academic record, working experience and previous training experience all had an impact on the knowledge of hospital infection in 2015.