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目的:比较本科生、硕士研究生、博士研究生在住院医师规范化培训期间的不同表现，并分析其原因，为制定教学方案提供依据。方法:选择2015年1月至2019至1月上海市第十人民医院内科303名住院医师规范化培训(下文简称住培)学员作为研究对象，根据学历将其分为本科生、硕士研究生、博士研究生3组。比较3组学员的出科考试成绩、操作考试成绩、平时成绩及病例分析成绩并分析原因。结果:303名住培学员中，本科生108人，硕士研究生110人，博士研究生85人，住培时间均为3年。住培学员和本科住培学员中博士研究生操作考试成绩和结业考试通过率最低，差异具有统计学意义[操作考试成绩：本科生(91.3±4.2)分、硕士研究生(90.1±4.1)分、博士研究生(86.1±6.7)分，n P<0.05；结业考试通过率：本科生90.7%(98/108)、硕士研究生97.2%(107/110)和博士研究生84.7%(72/85)，n P<0.01]。分析原因可能与科研任务重、对临床工作重视程度不足有关。n 结论:住培体系有待完善，在制定住培教学方案时，不同学历住培学员的住培模式应具有针对性。“,”Objective:To analyze the differences of training performance and underline causes of resident trainees with different degrees, and to provide the reference for standardized resident training program fitting trainees with different education background.Methods:Collected examination scores of all the residents training at Shanghai tenth people's hospital for three consecutive years, trainees were divided into three groups based on their degrees(Bachelor, Masters and PhD) and the training results were collected and analyzed.Results:Totally 303 residents joining the 3-year program of standardized training were included in this research, including 108 with bachelor degree, 110 with Master degree and 85 with Ph.D. The results of operation test were (91.3±4.2), (90.1±4.1) and (86.1±6.7), the difference was statistically significant(n P=0.032); the final pass rate was 90.7 % (98/108), 97.2 % (107/110) and 84.7%(72/85), respectively, the difference was statistically significant (n P<0.01). The potential cause of the difference is associated with the heavy research burden and so neglecting clinic training.n Conclusions:The residential training system needs to be improved. When making the residential training teaching plan, the residential training mode of the students with different education background should be diversified.