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一氧化氮参与许多生理和病理过程，免疫系统中的巨噬细胞在一些细胞因子和内毒素的诱导下可以产生大量的一氧化氮，同时一氧化氮又可以影响其它细胞因子的合成与释放。一氧化氨的合成与发挥生物效应又与免疫调节过程中的信息传递有直接的关系。巨噬细胞在细胞内、外环境变化时可通过一氧化氮产生免疫保护、免疫损伤和免疫调节作用。
Nitric oxide is involved in many physiological and pathological processes. Macrophages in the immune system produce large quantities of nitric oxide under the guidance of some cytokines and endotoxins, and nitric oxide can affect the synthesis and release of other cytokines. The synthesis of ammonia and its biological effects have a direct relationship with the information transmission in the process of immune regulation. Macrophages can produce immune protection, immune damage and immunomodulatory effects through nitric oxide in the intracellular and extracellular environment.