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目的:了解乌鲁木齐市汉族中学生和家长营养知识现状及影响因素,为进行合理营养和健康教育提供依据。方法:采用随机整群抽样方法抽取乌鲁木齐市4所高中、6所初中汉族中学生775名,剔除不合格问卷,获得有效问卷684份,有效率88.3%。结果:学生和家长的营养知识水平偏低,学生营养知识水平随着年级的增高逐渐提高,经检验差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);学生知识水平高于家长,经检验差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);家长职业为脑力型的学生营养知识得分高于家长职业是体力型的学生知识得分,经检验差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);学生营养知识水平在来自双亲家庭学生、高年级的学生及父亲文化程度高的学生营养知识综合得分高者所占比例高。结论:学生和家长的营养知识水平偏低,提示应积极向中学生和家长宣传青少年健康知识,提高中学生和家长的营养知识水平;结合当地的实际情况进行健康教育,帮助学生养成良好的饮食习惯。
Objective: To understand the status quo and influencing factors of nutrition knowledge of middle school students and parents in Urumqi, and to provide basis for proper nutrition and health education. Methods: A random cluster sampling method was used to extract 775 middle school students from 4 high schools in Urumqi and 6 middle school students in Han junior high school. Excluding unqualified questionnaires, 684 valid questionnaires were obtained, with an effective rate of 88.3%. Results: The level of nutritional knowledge of students and parents was low, and the level of students ’nutritional knowledge increased gradually with the increase of grade. The difference was statistically significant (P <0.01). The level of students’ knowledge was higher than that of parents. The differences were statistically significant (P <0.05). Parents ’mental status was higher than that of their parental students’ knowledge of physical activity. The difference was statistically significant (P <0.05). The level of nutritional knowledge among parents was significantly higher than that of parents Students, high school students and fathers with a high level of educational knowledge of students with a high overall score a high proportion. Conclusion: The nutritional knowledge of students and parents is low, suggesting that they should actively promote the health knowledge of adolescents and their parents and improve the nutritional knowledge of middle school students and parents. Health education should be based on the local conditions to help students develop good eating habits .