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目的:探讨细胞凋亡及其调控基因bcl-2和bax与大肠癌发生发展之间的关系。方法:采用Feulgen染色、TdT酶介导的生物素化dUTP缺口末端标记(TUNEL)技术和免疫组织化学S-P法,分别检测大肠正常粘膜、腺瘤、癌及癌旁非腺瘤性不典型增生中细胞凋亡率和bcl-2、bax基因的表达。结果:大肠腺瘤及癌细胞凋亡率显著高于正常粘膜(P<0.01)。高分化癌凋亡率显著高于低分化癌(P<0.05)。bcl-2在正常粘膜腺窝底部、78.9%(15/19)的腺瘤、75%(30/40)的癌及89.5%(17/19)的癌旁不典型增生中有表达。高分化癌与低分化癌阳性率差异显著(P<0.05)。癌的bcl-2表达与凋亡率显著负相关(P<0.05)。bcl-2/bax与大肠癌细胞凋亡率有关(P<0.05)。结论:大肠癌发生过程中细胞凋亡受到抑制,表现为凋亡的相对不足。bcl-2/bax是影响细胞凋亡的重要因素,bax相对优势促进细胞凋亡
Objective: To investigate the relationship between apoptosis and its regulation genes bcl-2 and bax and the occurrence and development of colorectal cancer. METHODS: Feulgen staining, TdT enzyme mediated biotinylated dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) technique and immunohistochemistry S-P method were used to detect normal mucosal, adenoma, and adjacent noncancerous adenomas. Apoptosis rate and expression of bcl-2 and bax gene in hyperplasia. Results: The apoptotic rate of colorectal adenoma and cancer cells was significantly higher than that of normal mucosa (P<0.01). The rate of well-differentiated carcinoma was significantly higher than that of poorly differentiated carcinoma (P<0.05). Bcl-2 was found in the bottom of normal mucosal glands, 78.9% (15/19) of adenomas, 75% (30/40) of cancers, and 89.5% (17/19) of paracancerous dysplasias. expression. The positive rates of well differentiated and poorly differentiated cancers were significantly different (P<0.05). There was a significant negative correlation between bcl-2 expression and apoptosis rate (P<0.05). Bcl-2/bax was associated with the apoptosis rate of colorectal cancer cells (P<0.05). Conclusion: Apoptosis was inhibited during the onset of colorectal cancer, which showed a relative lack of apoptosis. Bcl-2/bax is an important factor affecting cell apoptosis, and bax’s relative advantage promotes apoptosis.