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目的：探讨细胞凋亡及其调控基因ｂｃｌ－２和ｂａｘ与大肠癌发生发展之间的关系。方法：采用Ｆｅｕｌｇｅｎ染色、ＴｄＴ酶介导的生物素化ｄＵＴＰ缺口末端标记（ＴＵＮＥＬ）技术和免疫组织化学Ｓ－Ｐ法，分别检测大肠正常粘膜、腺瘤、癌及癌旁非腺瘤性不典型增生中细胞凋亡率和ｂｃｌ－２、ｂａｘ基因的表达。结果：大肠腺瘤及癌细胞凋亡率显著高于正常粘膜（Ｐ＜０．０１）。高分化癌凋亡率显著高于低分化癌（Ｐ＜０．０５）。ｂｃｌ－２在正常粘膜腺窝底部、７８．９％（１５／１９）的腺瘤、７５％（３０／４０）的癌及８９．５％（１７／１９）的癌旁不典型增生中有表达。高分化癌与低分化癌阳性率差异显著（Ｐ＜０．０５）。癌的ｂｃｌ－２表达与凋亡率显著负相关（Ｐ＜０．０５）。ｂｃｌ－２／ｂａｘ与大肠癌细胞凋亡率有关（Ｐ＜０．０５）。结论：大肠癌发生过程中细胞凋亡受到抑制，表现为凋亡的相对不足。ｂｃｌ－２／ｂａｘ是影响细胞凋亡的重要因素，ｂａｘ相对优势促进细胞凋亡
Objective: To investigate the relationship between apoptosis and its regulation genes bcl-2 and bax and the occurrence and development of colorectal cancer. METHODS: Feulgen staining, TdT enzyme mediated biotinylated dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) technique and immunohistochemistry S-P method were used to detect normal mucosal, adenoma, and adjacent noncancerous adenomas. Apoptosis rate and expression of bcl-2 and bax gene in hyperplasia. Results: The apoptotic rate of colorectal adenoma and cancer cells was significantly higher than that of normal mucosa (P<0.01). The rate of well-differentiated carcinoma was significantly higher than that of poorly differentiated carcinoma (P<0.05). Bcl-2 was found in the bottom of normal mucosal glands, 78.9% (15/19) of adenomas, 75% (30/40) of cancers, and 89.5% (17/19) of paracancerous dysplasias. expression. The positive rates of well differentiated and poorly differentiated cancers were significantly different (P<0.05). There was a significant negative correlation between bcl-2 expression and apoptosis rate (P<0.05). Bcl-2/bax was associated with the apoptosis rate of colorectal cancer cells (P<0.05). Conclusion: Apoptosis was inhibited during the onset of colorectal cancer, which showed a relative lack of apoptosis. Bcl-2/bax is an important factor affecting cell apoptosis, and bax’s relative advantage promotes apoptosis.