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目的了解江苏省大丰市食管癌和胃癌发病的危险因素及其危险因素聚集性与癌症发生的关系,为当地食管癌和胃癌的预防控制提供参考依据。方法采用以人群为基础病例对照研究方法对2002年10月—2010年11月大丰市疾病预防控制中心肿瘤登记系统登记的所有526例新发食管癌和504例新发胃癌患者及同期在当地公安户籍人口数据库中随机抽取的607和629名无消化系统疾病的健康居民进行问卷调查。结果在调整了性别、年龄、文化程度、婚姻状况和10年前年人均收入等混杂因素后,多因素条件logistic回归分析结果显示,不按时进食、进食速度快、吃烫食、吸烟和饮酒是大丰市食管癌发病的危险因素,进食速度快、吃烫食、吃咸食、从不生吃大蒜和吸烟是大丰市胃癌发病的危险因素;病例组食管癌和胃癌患者有3、≥4个危险因素的比例分别为32.5%和41.1%、17.9%和19.0%,均高于对照组人群比例的26.2%和35.3%、7.1%和7.0%,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.001);在调整了混杂因素后,多因素logistic回归分析结果显示,有3和≥4个危险因素聚集者发生食管癌的风险分别为有≤1个危险因素者的2.58倍(OR=2.58,95%CI=1.80~3.69)和5.34倍(OR=5.34,95%CI=3.34~8.55),有3和≥4个危险因素聚集者发生胃癌的风险分别为有≤1个危险因素者的2.14倍(OR=2.14,95%CI=1.44~3.18)和5.05倍(OR=5.05,95%CI=3.05~8.36)。结论进食速度快、吃烫食和吸烟是大丰市食管癌和胃癌发病的共同危险因素;随着危险因素聚集增多,食管癌和胃癌的发病风险明显上升。
Objective To understand the relationship between the risk factors of esophageal cancer and gastric cancer in Dafeng, Jiangsu Province, and their association with the risk of cancer, and to provide a reference for the prevention and control of esophageal cancer and gastric cancer in local areas. Methods A total of 526 cases of new esophageal cancer and 504 cases of newly diagnosed gastric cancer registered in the Dachang CDC Registry from October 2002 to November 2010 were enrolled in this study. 607 and 629 healthy residents without digestive system diseases randomly selected from the public security registered population database were surveyed. Results After adjusting for confounders such as gender, age, educational level, marital status and per capita income 10 years ago, multivariate conditional logistic regression analysis showed that eating on time, eating fast, eating hot food, smoking and drinking were major Feng City Esophageal cancer risk factors, fast eating, eating hot food, eating salty food, never eat garlic and smoking are risk factors for gastric cancer in Dafeng City; cases of patients with esophageal and gastric cancer 3, ≥ 4 The risk factors were 32.5% and 41.1%, 17.9% and 19.0%, respectively, which were higher than those of the control group (26.2% and 35.3%, 7.1% and 7.0%, respectively) ). After adjusting for confounding factors, multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the risk of esophageal cancer in those with 3 or more than 4 risk factors was 2.58-fold (OR = 2.58, 95, respectively) % CI = 1.80-3.69) and 5.34-fold (OR = 5.34, 95% CI = 3.34-8.55) respectively. The risk of gastric cancer in those with 3 or more than 4 risk factors was 2.14 times those with ≤1 risk factors (OR = 2.14, 95% CI = 1.44 ~ 3.18) and 5.05 times (OR = 5.05, 95% CI = 3.05 ~ 8.36). Conclusions Fasting, eating hot and smoking are the common risk factors of esophageal cancer and gastric cancer in Dafeng City. With the increase of risk factors, the risk of esophageal cancer and gastric cancer obviously increases.